“A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently”- Reading Answer Explanation – CAM – 9
Here are explanations of the Questions of passage named, “A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently” which is from the Cambridge 9 book. The questions that have been asked are ‘MCQs’, Yes/No/ Not Given and Sentence completion. You will find the locations of the Reading Answers, Keywords(highlighted and underlined) and justifications.
READING PASSAGE 3: A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently
| Question | Answer |
| 27 | C |
| 28 | B |
| 29 | D |
| 30 | C |
| 31 | B |
| 32 | YES |
| 33 | YES |
| 34 | NOT GIVEN |
| 35 | NO |
| 36 | NOT GIVEN |
| 37 | NO |
| 38 | A |
| 39 | B |
| 40 | C |
Questions 27-31
Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.
27. Neuroeconomics is a field of study which seeks to
- cause a change in how scientists understand brain chemistry.
B. understand how good decisions are made in the brain.
C .understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields D. trace the specific firing patterns of neurons in different areas of the brain.
Location: 1st paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘neuroeconomics’ helps to locate an answer in the third line of the paragraph. ‘These discoveries have led to the field known as neuroeconomics, which studies the brain’s secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from competitors…’. Here, this line states that brain’s secret to success that means brain is linked to achievement. ‘Achievement’ and ‘success’ means the same. Thus, the best option is C.
Answer: C
“A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently”- Reading Answer Explanation – CAM – 9
28. According to the writer, iconoclasts are distinctive because
A. they create unusual brain circuits.
B. their brains function differently.
C. their personalities are distinctive.
D. they make decisions easily.
Location: 2nd paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword is ‘iconoclasts’ and its reference is there in the ‘This definition implies that iconoclasts are different from other people, but more precisely, it is their brains that are different in three distinct ways: perception, fear response, and social intelligence…’ Here, ‘distinctive’ and ‘different’ means the same. The writer states that brains function differently in three different ways. Thus, the answer is B.
29. According to the writer, the brain works efficiently because
A. it uses the eyes quickly.
B. it interprets data logically.
C. it generates its own energy.
D. it relies on previous events.
Location: 3rd paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the third line of the paragraph. ‘For example, when confronted with information streaming from the eyes, the brain will interpret this information in the quickest way possible. Thus it will draw on both past experience and any other source of information, such as what other people say, to make sense of what it is seeing…’ Here, ‘brain interpret the information in the quickest way’ and ‘brain works efficiently’ means the same. Moreover, ‘draw on past experience’ means ‘relies on previous events’.
Answer: D
“A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently”- Reading Answer Explanation – CAM – 9
30. The writer says that perception is
A. a combination of photons and sound waves.
B. a reliable product of what your senses transmit.
C. a result of brain processes.
D. a process we are usually conscious of.
Location: 3rd paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘perception’ helps to locate an answer is in the last line of the paragraph. ‘Perception is not simply a product of what your eyes or ears… More than the physical reality of photons or sound waves, perception is a product of the brain…’ Here, the writer clarifies that perception is a product of brain processes. Hence, the answer is clear.
Answer: C
31. According to the writer an iconoclastic thinker
A. centralizes perceptual thinking in one part of the brain.
B. avoids cognitive traps.
C. has a brain that is hardwired for learning.
D. has more opportunities than the average person.
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the third line of the paragraph. ‘Iconoclasts, either because they were born that way or through learning, have found ways to work around the perceptual shortcuts that plague most people…’ Here, ‘work around’ and ‘avoid’ means the same. Moreover, ‘perceptual shortcuts that plague most people’ refers to the ‘cognitive traps’.
Answer: B
Questions 32-37
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the Reading Passage?
In boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet, write:
YES it the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO it the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
32. Exposure to different events forces the brain to think differently.
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the first two lines of the paragraph. ‘The best way to see things differently to other people is to bombard the brain with things it has never encountered before. Novelty releases the perceptual process from the chains of past experience and forces the brain to make new judgments…’ Here, ‘make new judgments’ and ‘think differently’ means the same. Additionally, ‘Bombard the brain with things it has never encountered before…’ means ‘exposure to different events’.
Answer: Yes
“A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently”- Reading Answer Explanation – CAM – 9
33. iconoclasts are unusually receptive to new experiences.
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘Successful iconoclasts have an extraordinary willingness to be exposed to what is fresh and different…’ Here, ‘fresh and different’ refers to ‘new experiences’. Moreover, ‘extraordinary willingness to be exposed…’ give reference to ‘unusually receptive’. Thus, the answer is Yes.
Answer: Yes
34. Most people are too shy to try different things.
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The writer states in the last line of the paragraph. ‘Observation of iconoclasts shows that they embrace novelty while most people avoid things that are different…’ Here, the writer says most people avoid different things. But the writer does not say that people are too shy to try different things. Thus, no information available.
Answer: Not Given
“A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently”- Reading Answer Explanation – CAM – 9
35. If you think in an iconoclastic way, you can easily overcome fear.
Location: 6th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Fear is a major impediment to thinking like an iconoclast and stops the average person in his tracks…’ Here, this statement means fear stops the people from thinking like an iconoclast. But the question statement contradicts the passage statement.
Answer: No
36. When concern about embarrassment matters less, other fears become irrelevant.
Location: 6th paragraph
Explanation: The writer talks about the fear of public ridicule in the second line of the paragraph. ‘There are many types of fear, but the two that inhibit iconoclastic thinking and people generally find difficult to deal with are fear of uncertainty and fear of public ridicule…’ But there is no information regarding fears become irrelevant. Thus, no information available.
Answer: Not Given
“A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently”- Reading Answer Explanation – CAM – 9
37. Fear of public speaking is a psychological illness.
Location: 6th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword is ‘psychological illness’ and its reference is there in the last two lines of the paragraph. ‘But fear of public speaking, which everyone must do from time to time, afflicts one-third of the population. This makes it too common to be considered a mental disorder. It is simply a common variant of human nature…’ Here, ‘mental disorder’ and ‘psychological illness’ means the same. The writer clearly states that fear of public speaking is not a psychological illness but a common variant of human nature. Thus, the answer is No.
Answer: No
Questions 38-40
Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-E, below.
Write the correct letter A-E, in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.
38. Thinking like a successful iconoclast is demanding because it.
Location: 7th paragraph
Explanation: The writer says in the first two lines, ‘to be successful iconoclasts, individuals must sell their ideas to other people. This is where social intelligence comes in…’ Then, in the last lines, ‘Perception is important in social cognition too. The perception of someone’s enthusiasm, or reputation, can make or break a deal… perception becomes intertwined with social decision making shows why successful iconoclasts are so rare…’ Here, these statements mean successful iconoclasts are so rare (demanding) because it requires both perceptual and social intelligence skills.
Answer: A
“A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently”- Reading Answer Explanation – CAM – 9
39. The concept of the social brain is useful to iconoclasts because it.
Location: 7th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword is ‘social brain’ and it is there in the fourth line of the paragraph. ‘ln the last decade, there has been an explosion of knowledge about the social brain and how the brain works when groups coordinate decision making…’ Here, ‘groups coordinate decision making’ and ‘groups decide on an action’ means the same. Thus, the answer is B.
Answer: B
40. Iconoclasts are generally an asset because their way of thinking.
Location: Last paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the ‘iconoclasts create new opportunities in every area from artistic expression to technology to business They supply creativity and innovation not easily accomplished by committees. Rules aren’t important to them. Iconoclasts face alienation and failure, but can also be a major asset to any organization. It is crucial for success in any field to understand how the iconoclastic mind works…’ Here, ‘artistic expression to technology’ give reference to ‘artistic’ and ‘scientific’. Thus, iconoclasts are generally an asset because their way of thinking works in many fields, both artistic and scientific.
Answer: C
- requires both perceptual and social intelligence skills.
B. focuses on how groups decide on an action.
C. works in many fields, both artistic and scientific.
D. leaves one open to criticism and rejection.
E. involves understanding how organizations manage people.
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