‘About Marine debris or ocean trash’- Reading Answers Explanation- CAM -14
Here are explanations of the Questions of passage named ‘About Marine debris or ocean trash’, which is from the Cambridge 14 book. The Questions that have been asked are finding information, True/False/Not Given, Blanks and MCQs’. You will find the locations of the Reading Answers, Keywords(highlighted and underlined) and justifications.
READING PASSAGE 3: Marine debris
| Question | Answer |
| 27 | FALSE |
| 28 | NOT GIVEN |
| 29 | FALSE |
| 30 | TRUE |
| 31 | FALSE |
| 32 | TRUE |
| 33 | NOT GIVEN |
| 34 | LARGE |
| 35 | MICROPLASTIC |
| 36 | POPULATIONS |
| 37 | CONCENTRATIONS |
| 38 | PREDATORS |
| 39 | DISASTERS |
| 40 | A |
Questions 27-33
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?
In boxes 27-33 on you answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
27 Rochman and her colleagues were the first people to research the problem of marine debris.
Location: 2nd paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘marine debris’ helps to locate the answer in the last line of the paragraph. ‘Plenty of studies have sounded alarm bells about the state of marine debris; in a recent paper published in the journal…’Here, ‘plenty of studies have sounded alarm bells…’ means many studies were already done. So, the answer is FALSE.
Answer: False
28 The creatures most in danger from ocean trash are certain seabirds.
Location: 3rd paragraph
Explanation: Though the main keyword ‘seabirds’ is there in the second line of the paragraph. ‘A study could show that certain seabirds eat plastic bags…’But there is no information about the creatures that were in danger.
Answer: Not Given
29 The studies Rochman has reviewed have already proved that populations of some birds will soon become extinct.
Location: 3rd paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the last line of the paragraph. ‘‘But the truth was that nobody had yet tested those perceived threats ‘There wasn’t a lot of information.’ Here, this line suggest that there was not enough information that prove that populations of some birds become extinct. Hence, the answer is FALSE.
Answer: False
‘About Marine debris or ocean trash’- Reading Answers Explanation- CAM -14
30 Rochman analysed papers on the different kinds of danger caused by ocean trash.
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘danger’ has been written as ‘threat’ in the ‘Within each paper, they asked what threats scientists had studied – 366 perceived threats in all – and what they’d actually found…’Here, ‘studied’ and ‘analysed’ are synonyms. Thus, the answer is True.
Answer: True
31 Most of the research analysed by Rochman and her colleagues was badly designed.
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the fifth paragraph. ‘In 83 percent of cases, the perceived dangers of ocean trash were proven … remaining cases, the working group found the studies had weaknesses in design…’ The question statement contradicts the passage statement. Here, in 83% of cases, research was proven. Thus, the answer is clear.
Answer: False
32 One study examined by Rochman was expecting to find that mussels were harmed by eating plastic.
Location: 6th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘mussels’ helps to locate the answer in the sixth paragraph. ‘Rochman says, only one well-designed study failed to find the effect … investigation of mussels ingesting microscopic bits….’This line suggest that Rochman was hoping to find that mussels were affected by taking plastic. But the study failed to find the effect. Mussels= Shellfish
Answer: True
33 Some mussels choose to eat plastic in preference to their natural diet.
Location: 7th paragraph
Explanation: Though there is reference of plastic in the seventh paragraph. But there is no information that some mussels choose to eat plastic. Thus, no information available.
Answer: Not Given
Questions 34-39
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet.
Findings related to marine debris
Studies of marine debris found the biggest threats were
- plastic (not metal or wood)
- bits of debris that were 34………………………….. (harmful to animals)
Location: 8th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘debris’ is there in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Most of the dangers also involved large pieces of debris – animals getting entangled in trash…’Here, ‘bits’ and ‘pieces’ are synonyms. Moreover, ‘entangled in trash’ means it is harmful to animals. Hence, the answer is LARGE.
Answer: Large
There was little research into 35…………………………. e.g. from synthetic fibres.
Location: 9th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the first line of the paragraph. ‘But a lot of ocean debris is ‘microplastic’, or pieces smaller… Rochman’s group found little research on the effects of these tiny bits. This statement suggest that there was little research into ‘microplastic’. Hence, the answer is ‘microplastic’
Answer: Microplastic
Drawbacks of the studies examined
- most of them focused on individual animals, not entire 36 ………………………..
Location: 10th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Many studies have looked at how plastic affects an individual animal, or that animal’s tissues or cells, rather than whole populations. Here, ‘entire’ and ‘whole’ are synonyms. Furthermore, ‘most of them focused’ means ‘many studies have looked at…’Thus, the answer is ‘populations’
Answer: Populations
- the 37…………………….. of plastic used in the lab did not always reflect those in the ocean
- there was insufficient information on
– numbers of animals which could be affected
– the impact of a reduction in numbers on
Location: 10th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘lab’ is there in the third line of the paragraph. ‘And in the lab, scientists often use higher concentrations of plastic than what’s really in the ocean…’Here, ‘did not always reflect in the ocean’ has been written as ‘concentration of plastic than…’Thus, the answer is very clear.
Answer: Concentrations
‘About Marine debris or ocean trash’- Reading Answers Explanation- CAM -14
The impact of a reduction in numbers on the
38……………………….. of that species
– the impact on the ecosystem
Location: 10th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the last line of the paragraph. ‘or how deaths in one species could affect that animal’s predators, or the rest of the ecosystem…’Here, ‘deaths in on species’ refer to the reduction in numbers. Hence, the answer is ‘predators’
Answer: Predators
Rochman says more information is needed on the possible impact of future 39………………………… (e.g. involving oil).
Location: 11th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the first line of the paragraph. ‘Rochman says. Usually, scientists don’t know exactly how disasters such as a tanker accidentally spilling its whole cargo of oil…’Here, ‘scientists don’t know exactly’ means more information is needed.
Answer: Disasters
Question 40
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.
40 What would be the best title for this passage?
A Assessing the threat of marine debris
B Marine debris: who is to blame?
C A new solution to the problem of marine debris
D Marine debris: the need for international action
Explanation: After reading the whole passage, it is clear that the suitable title is ‘assessing the threat of marine debris’. a collection of scientists who study, among other things, the growing problem of marine debris… Plenty of studies have sounded alarm bells about the state of marine debris. These lines makes an answer very clear. Thus, the answer is A.
Answer: A
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