‘The psychology of innovation’- Reading Answer Explanation- CAM- 10
Here are explanations of the Questions of passage named, ‘The psychology of innovation’ which is from the Cambridge 10 book. The Questions that have been asked are ‘List of headings’ and ‘True/False/Not Given’. You will find the locations of the Reading Answers,Keywords(highlighted and underlined) and justifications.
READING PASSAGE 3: The psychology of innovation
| Question | Answer |
| 27 | C |
| 28 | A |
| 29 | D |
| 30 | B |
| 31 | G |
| 32 | E |
| 33 | A |
| 34 | F |
| 35 | B |
| 36 | NO |
| 37 | YES |
| 38 | NOT GIVEN |
| 39 | NOT GIVEN |
| 40 | NO |
Questions 27-30
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.
27. The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point about
A. recognising talent.
B. working as a team.
C. having a shared objective.
D. being an effective leader.
Location: 3rd paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘million-dollar quartet’ helps to locate an answer in the beginning of the paragraph. ‘One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasizes Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story…’Here, in this photography artists are sharing objective. Thus, the answer is C.
Answer: C
‘The psychology of innovation’- Reading Answer Explanation- CAM- 10
28. James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the DNA code because they
A. were conscious of their own limitations.
B. brought complementary skills to their partnership.
C. were determined to outperform their brighter rivals.
D. encouraged each other to realise their joint ambition.
Location: 6th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘James Watson’ helps to locate an answer in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘He said ” he and Crick had succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer…’Here, this statement makes it clear that James and crick were aware that they were not the most intelligent that means they were aware of their limitations. Thus, the answer is A.
Answer: A
29. The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example of how to
A. inspire creative thinking.
B. generate concise writing.
C. promote loyalty to a group.
D. strengthen commitment to an idea.
Location: 8th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘breakfast cereal’ helps to find an answer in the third line of the paragraph. ‘Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project…’ Here, ‘commitment’ and ‘engagement’ means the same. Moreover, ‘deepens every individual’ and ‘strengthen’ means the same.
Answer: D
‘The psychology of innovation’- Reading Answer Explanation- CAM- 10
30. In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it is important for employees to
A. be aware of their company’s goals.
B. feel that their contributions are valued.
C. have respect for their co-workers‟ achievements.
D. understand why certain management decisions are made.
Location: Last paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the ‘Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention…’Here, this means leaders should value the suggestions of employees. Moreover, ‘valued’ and ‘important’ are synonyms.
Answer: B
Questions 31-35
Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below.
Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 31-35 on your answer sheet.
31. Employees whose values match those of their employers are more likely to
Location: 2nd paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company…’ Here, ‘values match’ and ‘fit’ means the same. Moreover, ‘they still at jobs’ means ‘they remained at job’.
Answer: G
32. At times of change, people tend to
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘When things change, we are hard-wired to play it safe…’This line clearly states that at times of change, people play it safe means they avoid risk. Thus, the answer is E.
Answer: E
‘The psychology of innovation’- Reading Answer Explanation- CAM- 10
33. If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often
Location: 4th paragraph (Last line)
Explanation: The writer says, ‘Studies show that we invariably take more gambles when threatened with a loss than when offered a reward…’This statement means people take chances when they are threatened with loss or damage. Here, ‘gamble’ and ‘chances’ means the same.
Answer: A
34. People working under a dominant boss are liable to
Location: 9th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘crew members of multipilot aircraft exhibit a sometimes deadly passivity when the flight captain makes a clearly wrong-headed decision. This behaviour is not, he says, unique to air travel, but can happen in any workplace where the leader is overbearing…’ Here, ‘overbearing’ and ‘dominant’ are synonyms.
Answer: F
‘The psychology of innovation’- Reading Answer Explanation- CAM- 10
35. Employees working in organisations with few rules are more likely to
Location: 9th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘ a group of young designers for whom ”the only rule was that there were no rule”. This environment encouraged a free interchange of ideas…’Here, ‘interchange’ and ‘share’ means the same. Thus, the answer is clear.
Answer: B
- take chances.
B. share their ideas.
C. become competitive.
D. get promotion.
E. avoid risk.
F. ignore their duties.
G. remain in their jobs.
Questions 36-40
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in ther Reading Passage?
In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, write
YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this.
36. The physical surroundings in which a person works play a key role in determining their creativity.
Location: 1st paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘physical surroundings’ and its reference is there in the second line of the paragraph. ‘There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centres designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative…’Here, ‘their environment doesn’t make them feel creative’ means their surroundings does not play a key role in determining their creativity. Thus, the answer is No.
Answer: No
37. Most people have the potential to be creative.
Location: 2nd paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘Studies at Harvard Business School show that, although some individuals may be more creative than others, almost every individual can be creative in the right circumstances…’ Here, ‘every individual can be creative in the right circumstances’ clarifies that every individual have potential to be creative. Thus, the answer is Yes.
Answer: Yes
‘The psychology of innovation’- Reading Answer Explanation- CAM- 10
38. Teams work best when their members are of equally matched intelligence.
Location: 7th paragraph
Explanation: Though there is reference of team work in the first line of the paragraph. ‘Teamwork taps into one of the basic drivers of human behaviour…’ But there is no information regarding whether the teamwork best when their members are equally matched. Thus, no information available.
Answer: Not Given
39. It is easier for smaller companies to be innovative.
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: There is information about innovation in the beginning of the paragraph. ‘Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s easy for a company to be pulled in conflicting directions as the marketing, product development…’ Here, the writer does not give information regarding whether it is easier for smaller companies to be creative or not. Thus, the answer is clear.
Answer: Not Given
‘The psychology of innovation’- Reading Answer Explanation- CAM- 10
40. A manager’s approval of an idea is more persuasive than that of a colleague.
Location: 7th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the last line of the paragraph. ‘Research shows that peer power, used horizontally not vertically, is much more powerful than any boss’s speech…’The question statement contradicts the passage statement. It means colleague is more persuasive than boss.
Answer: No
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