‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
Here are explanations of the Questions of passage named ‘The power of play’, which is from the Cambridge 14 book. The Questions that have been asked are Yes/NO/Not Given, Blanks and researchers name. You will find the locations of the Reading Answers, Keywords(highlighted and underlined) and justifications.
READING PASSAGE 3: The power of play
| Question | Answer |
| 27 | B |
| 28 | G |
| 29 | F |
| 30 | E |
| 31 | C |
| 32 | NO |
| 33 | YES |
| 34 | NOT GIVEN |
| 35 | NO |
| 36 | YES |
| 37 | ENCOURAGING |
| 38 | DESIRE |
| 39 | AUTONOMY |
| 40 | TARGETED |
Questions 27-31
Look at the following statements (Questions 27-31) and the list of researchers below.
Match each statement with the correct researcher, A-G.
Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.
27 Play can be divided into a number of separate categories.
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘separate categories’ has been written as ‘various types’ in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Definitions range from discrete descriptions of various types of play such as physical, construction, language, or symbolic play (Miler & Almon 2009)…’Here, this statement makes an answer very clear.
Answer: B
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
28 Adults’ intended goals affect how they play with children.
Location: 9th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the last line of the paragraph. ‘The adult’s role in play varies as a function of their educational goals and the child’s developmental level (Hirsch-Pasek et al. 2009)…’Here, ‘varies as a function…’ means ‘affect’. Thus, the answer is G.
Answer: G
29 Combining work with play may be the best way for children to learn.
Location: 8th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Researcher Joan Goodman (1994) suggested that hybrid forms of work and play are not a detriment to learning; rather, they can provide optimal contexts for learning…’Here, ‘hybrid’ and ‘combining’ are synonyms. Moreover, ‘optimal contexts for learning’ means ‘best way for children to learn’.
Answer: F
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
30 Certain elements of play are more significant than others.
Location: 7th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘elements’ has been written as ‘aspects’ in the last line of the paragraph. ‘however, other researchers have suggested that process orientation and a lack of obvious functional purpose may be the most important aspects of play (e.g. Pellegrini 2009)…’Here, ‘important’ and ‘significant’ are synonyms.
Answer: E
31 Activities can be classified on a scale of playfulness.
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘playful’ is there in the last line of the paragraph. ‘Often, play is defined along a continuum as more or less playful using the following set of behavioral and dispositional criteria (e.g. Rubin et al. 1983)…’Here, ‘scale’ and ‘criteria’ are synonyms. Thus, the answer is C.
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
List of Researchers
A Elkind
B Miller & Almon
C Rubin et al.
D Stuart Brown
E Pellegrini
F Joan Goodman
G Girsch-Pasek et al.
Questions 32-36
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?
In boxes 32-36 on your answer sheet, write
YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the winter
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
32 Children need toys in order to play.
Location: 1st paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword is ‘toys’ and it is there in the first line of the paragraph. ‘when they have no real toys, or when parents do not actively encourage the behavior. In the eyes of a young child, running, pretending, and building are fun…’Here, the question statement contradicts the passage statement. This line makes it clear that when they do not have toys they take running, pretending and buildings as play.
Answer: No
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
33 It is a mistake to treat play and learning as separate types of activities.
Location: 2nd paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the last line of the paragraph. ‘Our society has created a false dichotomy between play and learning…’Here, ‘false’ and ‘mistake’ are synonyms. Moreover, ‘dichotomy’ means ‘separate’. The question statement is same as the passage statement.
Answer: Yes
34 Play helps children to develop their artistic talents.
Location: 2nd paragraph
Explanation: Though the writer says, ‘children learn to regulate their behavior…’in the first line of the paragraph. But there is no information about artistic talents in the passage. Thus, no information available.
Answer: Not Given
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
35 Researchers have agreed on a definition of play.
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the first line of the paragraph. ‘Full consensus on a formal definition of play continues to elude the researchers and theorists who study it…’Here, the question statement is opposite to the passage statement. ‘Elude’ means researchers were confused. They were not agreed on a definition of play.
Answer: No
36 Work and play differ in terms of whether or not they have a target.
Location: 8th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘. Unlike play, work is typically not viewed as enjoyable and it is extrinsically motivated (i.e. it is goal oriented)…’.This statement makes it clear that work and play are different as work is goal oriented.Thus, the answer is Yes.
Answer: Yes
Questions 37-40
Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.
Guided play
In the simplest form of guided play, an adult contributes to the environment in which the child is playing. Alternatively, an adult can play with a child and develop the play, for instance by 37…………………….. the child to investigate different aspects of their game.
Location: 10th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘In the more direct form of guided play… commenting on children’s discoveries, or encouraging further exploration or new facets to the child’s activity. Here, ‘investigate’ and ‘discoveries’ are synonyms. Moreover, ‘different aspects’ means new facets.
Answer: Encouraging
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
Adults can help children to learn through play, and may make the activity rather structured, but it should still be based on the child’s 38…………………………. to play.
Location: 10th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘structured’ is there in the last line of the paragraph. ‘Although playful learning can be somewhat structured, it must also be child-centered … Play should stem from the child’s own desire.’ Here, ‘stem from’ means ‘based on’ in the question. Thus, the answer is very clear.
Answer: Desire
‘The Power to play’- Reading answers Explanation- CAM-14
Play without the intervention of adults gives children real 39………………………….; with adults, play can be 40………………………… at particular goals.
Location: Last paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph. Intrinsically motivated free play provides the child with true autonomy… through which parents and educators can provide more targeted learning experiences. Here, ‘parents and educators’ means adults. Furthermore, ‘particular goals’ means ‘learning experiences’. Thus, the answers are very clear.
Answer:(39) Autonomy
(40) Targeted
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