‘The secret of staying young’- Reading answers explanation- CAM- 14
Here are explanations of the Questions of passage named ‘The secret of staying young’, which is from the Cambridge 14 book. The Questions that have been asked are True/False/Not Given and Blanks. You will find the locations of the Reading Answers, Keywords(highlighted and underlined) and justifications.
READING PASSAGE 1: The secret of staying young
| Question | Answer |
| 1 | FOUR/4 |
| 2 | YOUNG |
| 3 | FOOD |
| 4 | LIGHT |
| 5 | AGGRESSIVELY |
| 6 | LOCATION |
| 7 | NEURONS |
| 8 | CHEMICALS |
| 9 | FALSE |
| 10 | TRUE |
| 11 | FALSE |
| 12 | NOT GIVEN |
| 13 | TRUE |
Questions 1-8
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answer in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.
Ysabel Giraldo’s research
Focused on a total of 1………………………….. different age groups of ants, analyzing
Location: 1st paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘age groups’ is visible as ‘age ranges’ in the first line of the paragraph. ‘In the lab, P. dentata worker ants typically live for around 140 days…Focused on ants at four age ranges…’Here, ‘focused on’ has been written as it is in the paragraph.
Answer: Four
Behaviour:
- how well ants looked after their 2………………………….
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the first line of the paragraph. ‘Giraldo watched how well the ants took care of the young of the colony…’Here, ‘look after’ and ‘took care of…’ are synonyms. Thus, this makes an answer very clear.
Answer: Young
‘The secret of staying young’- Reading answers explanation- CAM- 14
- their ability to locate 3………………………… using a scent trail
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘scent trail’ helps to locate the answer in the second line of the paragraph. ‘She compared how well…followed the telltale scent that the insects usually leave to mark a trail to food…’Firstly, ‘mark’ and ‘locate’ are synonyms. Secondly, ‘how well’ means their ‘ability to…’Thus, the answer is ‘Food’.
Answer: Food
- the effect that 4………………………….. had on them
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is in the third line of the paragraph. ‘She tested how ants responded to light and also measured how active they were by counting…’Here, ‘responded to…’ means ‘effect that…’This statement makes an answer very clear. Thus, the answer is ‘Light’
Answer: Light
- how 5…………………………. They attacked prey
Location: 4th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘prey’ is there in the last line of the paragraph. ‘And when it came to reacting to prey, the older ants attacked the poor fruit fly just as aggressively as …’Here, ‘poor fruit fly’ is prey. This statement suggest that older ants act aggressively.
Answer: Aggressively
‘The secret of staying young’- Reading answers explanation- CAM- 14
Brains:
- comparison between age and the 6…………………………… of dying cells in the brains of ants
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword is ‘comparison’ and its reference is there in the first two lines of the paragraph. ‘Then Giraldo compared the …She saw no major differences with age, nor was there any difference in the location of the dying cells…’Here, there is comparison between age and location.
Answer: Location
- condition of synaptic complexes (areas in which 7…………………………… meet) in the brain’s ‘mushroom bodies’
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘synaptic complex’ is there in the third line of the paragraph. ‘She also wanted to see if aging affects the density of synaptic complexes within these structures – regions where neurons come together…’Here, ‘regions’ and ‘areas’ are synonyms. Moreover, ‘meet’ means ‘come together’.
Answer: Neurons
- level of two 8………………………….. in the brain associated with ageing
Location:5th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘Levels of either serotonin or dopamine – brain chemicals whose decline often coincides with aging…’Here, ‘serotonin and dopamine’ are two chemicals. Furthermore, coincides means associated.
Answer: Chemicals
Questions 9-13
Do the following statements agree with the information give in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
9 Pheidole dentata ants are the which remain active for almost their whole lives.
Location: 2nd paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Naked mole rats can live for almost 30 years and stay fit for nearly their entire lives…’Here, this statement makes it clear that Pheidole dentata are not the only known animals which remain active. Moreover, ‘remain active’ means stay fit.
Answer: False
10 Ysabel Giraldo was the first person to study Pheidole dentata ants using precise data about the insects’ ages.
Location: 3rd paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘Ysabel Giraldo’ is there in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Unlike all previous studies, which only estimated how old the ants were, her work tracked the ants from the time the pupae became adults, so she knew their exact ages…’Here, this statement means the research work done by previous scientists did not use precise date. Thus, the answer is True.
Answer: True
‘The secret of staying young’- Reading answers explanation- CAM- 14
11 The ants in Giraldo’s experiments behaved as she had predicted that they would.
Location: 5th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘She also wanted to see if aging affects the density of synaptic complexes… Regions where neurons come together. Again, the answer was no. This means results were not as she expected. Thus, the answer is very clear.
Answer: False
12 The recent studies of bees used different methods of measuring age-related decline.
Location: 6th paragraph
Explanation: Though the main keywords ‘bees’ and ‘age-related decline’ are there in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘Scientists have looked at some similar aspects in bees… Some studies showed age-related declines…’But there is no information about the methods of measuring. Thus, no information available.
Answer: Not Given
13 Pheidole dentata ants kept in laboratory conditions tend to live longer lives.
Location: 7th paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph. ‘Out in the wild, the ants probably don’t live for a full 140 days thanks to predators …Being in an environment that’s much harsher than the comforts of the lab. Here, this line suggests that they can live longer in the labs than wild.
Answer: True
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