Driverless cars- Reading Answers Explanations- CAM 15
Here are explanations of the Questions of passage named ‘Driverless cars’, which is from the Cambridge 15 book. The Questions that have been asked are ‘finding information, Blanks and MCQs’. You will find the locations of the Reading Answers, Keywords(highlighted and underlined) and justifications.
| Question | Answer |
| 14 | C |
| 15 | B |
| 16 | E |
| 17 | G |
| 18 | D |
| 19 | HUMAN ERROR |
| 20 | CAR (-) SHARING |
| 21 | OWNERSHIP |
| 22 | MILEAGE |
| 23 | C ( IN EITHER ORDER) |
| 24 | D( IN EITHER ORDER) |
| 25 | A( IN EITHER ORDER) |
| 26 | E( IN EITHER ORDER) |
Questions 14-18
Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-G.
Which section contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.
14 reference to the amount of time when a car is not in use
Location and Answer: C paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the second line of the paragraph as the writer says, ‘average car spends more than 90 percent of its life parked…’Here, parked car means car is not in use. Thus, this makes an answer very clear.
15 mention of several advantages of driverless vehicles for individual road-users.
Location and Answer: B paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword is ‘advantages’ and its reference is there in the second line of the paragraph as ‘90% of road collisions involve human error…it is the primary cause…automation may help to reduce the incidence of this’. Here ‘driverless vehicles’ means ‘automation’.
16 reference to the opportunity of choosing the most appropriate vehicle for each trip.
Location and Answer: E paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the first line of the paragraph as the writer says, ‘automation may prompt other changes in vehicle manufacture…freedom to select one that best suits their needs for a particular journey…Here ‘select one that best suits…’ is paraphrased as ‘choosing the most appropriate…’
17 an estimate of how long it will take to overcome a number of problems.
Location and Answer: G paragraph
Explanation: The answer to this question is in the first line of the paragraph as ‘it’s clear that there are many challenges that need to be addressed…most probably be conquered within the next 10 years…’Here ‘challenges’ and ‘problems’ are synonyms. ‘Conquered’ means ‘overcome’. Moreover, ‘10 years’ is the time.
18 a suggestion that the use of driverless cars may have no effect on the number of vehicles manufactured
Location and Answer: D paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword is ‘suggestion’ and its reference is there in the last line of the paragraph. ‘This faster rate of turnover may mean that vehicle production will not necessarily decrease…’Here ‘manufactured’ and ‘production’ are synonyms. Moreover, ‘have no effect’ is visible as ‘not necessarily decrease…’
Questions 19-22
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 19-22 on your answer sheet.
The impact of driverless cars
Figures from the Transport Research Laboratory indicate that most motor accidents are partly due to 19……………………., so the introduction of driverless vehicles will result in greater safety.
Location: B paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘Transport Research Laboratory…’ helps to locate the answer in the second line of the paragraph as ‘road collisions involve human error…’Here ‘road collisions’ means motor accidents. Moreover, ‘driverless cars’ and ‘automation’ are synonyms.
Answer: Human error
In addition to the direct benefits of automation, it may bring other advantages. For example, schemes for 20………………………. will be more workable, especially in towns and cities, resulting in fewer cars on the road.
Location: C paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘cities’ has been written as ‘urban areas’ in the second last line of the paragraph. ‘Automation means that initiatives for car-sharing become much more viable…demand can be met by far fewer vehicles…’Here, ‘schemes’ and ‘initiatives’ are synonyms. Moreover, ‘workable’ and ‘viable’ are also synonyms.
Answer: Car-sharing
According to the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, there could be a 43 percent drop in 21…………………….. of cars.
Location: D paragraph
Explanation: The main keyword ‘Michigan Transportation…’ is there in the first line of the second part of paragraph as ‘reduce vehicle ownership by 43 percent…’Here, ‘drop’ and ‘reduce’ are synonyms.
Answer: Ownership
However, this would mean that the yearly 22…………………….. of each car would, on average, be twice as high as it currently is. This would lead to a higher turnover of vehicles, and therefore no reduction in automotive manufacturing.
Location: D paragraph
Explanation: The location of the answer is again in the first line of the second part of D paragraph as ‘average annual mileage would double…’Here ‘annual’ means ‘yearly and ‘double means twice’. Thus, this makes an answer very clear.
Answer: Mileage
Driverless cars- Reading Answers Explanations- CAM 15
Questions 23 and 24
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Write the correct letters in boxes 23 and 24 on your answer sheet.
Which TWO benefits of automated vehicles does the writer mention?
A Car travellers could enjoy considerable cost savings.
B It would be easier to find parking spaces in urban areas.
C Travellers could spend journeys doing something other than driving.
D People who find driving physically difficult could travel independently.
E A reduction in the number of cars would mean a reduction in pollution.
Location: B paragraph
Explanation (23): The answer to this question is in the second paragraph of the B section. ‘it may be possible to be productive, to socialise or simply to relax while automation system have responsibility of safe control…’These are other things that travellers could do in journey.
Explanation (24): The location of the answer is in the last line of the paragraph as ‘those who are challenged by existing mobility models- such as older or disabled travellers may be able to enjoy…’
Answer: C or D (in any order)
Questions 25 and 26
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Write the correct letters in boxes 25 and 26 on your answer sheet.
Which TWO challenges to automated vehicle development does the writer mention?
A making sure the general public has confidence in automated vehicles
B managing the pace of transition from conventional to automated vehicles
C deciding how to compensate professional drivers who become redundant
D setting up the infrastructure to make roads suitable for automated vehicles
E getting automated vehicles to adapt to various different driving conditions
Location: F paragraph
Explanation (25): The main keyword ‘challenges’ helps to locate the answer in the F paragraph and it has been written as ‘hurdles’ in the paragraph. ‘These include the technical difficulties in ensuring…work reliably in the infinite range of traffic, weather and road situations…’
Explanation (26): The answer to this question is in the last line of the paragraph as ‘the societal changes that may be required for communities to trust and accept automated vehicles…’
Answer: A or E (in any order)
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